Adult: As 1.5% solution: Gargle or rinse over the affected area with 10 mL 4 times daily for about 1 minute. Amount may vary among individual products (refer to specific product guidelines). As 3% or 6% solution: Dilute 1 part of hydrogen peroxide with 2 or 5 parts of water (e.g. 5 mL of 3% hydrogen peroxide and 10 mL of water). Gargle or rinse over the affected area tid for 2-3 minutes. As 1.7% gel: Apply to the affected area 4 times daily and leave for about 1 minute, then expectorate. All doses are used after meals and at bedtime. Dosage and treatment recommendations may vary among countries and individual products (refer to specific product guidelines). Child: ≥12 years Same as adult dose. Dosage and treatment recommendations may vary among countries and individual products (refer to specific product guidelines).
Topical/Cutaneous Antiseptic, Wound cleansing
Adult: As 3% solution, spray, or wipes: Apply or spray a small amount to the affected area(s) once daily or tid, or as required. As 1% cream: Apply to the affected area(s) bid or tid for up to 3 weeks. As 3% gel: Apply enough amount on the hands to sanitise and rub together until dry. Dosage and treatment recommendations may vary among countries and individual products (refer to specific product guidelines). Child: ≥2 years Same as adult dose. Dosage and treatment recommendations may vary among countries and individual products (refer to specific product guidelines).
Incompatibility
Incompatible with reducing agents (e.g. oxidisable substances), certain metals, metallic salts, alkalis, iodides, permanganates, and other stronger oxidising agents.
Special Precautions
Not intended for use in closed body cavities, surgical wounds, large wounds, deep wounds, animal bites, serious burns; disinfection of surgical equipment (e.g. endoscopes); as an enema. Not recommended for use longer than 7 days (mouth/throat indications). Children. Pregnancy and lactation.
Adverse Reactions
Significant: Burns on skin and mucous membrane with white eschar, irritation and pain; blistering, erythema, focal epidermal necrosis, purpura (concentrated solution); hypertrophy of the papillae of the tongue, mouth ulceration; gas embolism (may lead to cardiac arrest). Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: Coughing, dyspnoea (inhalation of high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide). Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Pruritus, stinging of skin, crusted skin, desquamation, hyperpigmentation.
Patient Counseling Information
Avoid contact with eyes or mucous membranes and normal, healthy skin.
Overdosage
Symptoms: Sore throat, black hairy tongue, vomiting, gastric disturbances, acute distention of the stomach, internal bleeding. Management: Symptomatic and supportive treatment.
Action
Description: Mechanism of Action: Hydrogen peroxide is an oxidising agent that exerts its weak antibacterial activity by releasing nascent oxygen upon contact with tissues containing the enzyme catalase. Through the mechanical effect of hydrogen peroxide's effervescence, tissue debris and pus are loosened thereby decreasing the presence of bacteria in wounds. Duration: Only during the occurrence of bubbling action.
Chemical Structure
Hydrogen peroxide Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 784, Hydrogen Peroxide. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Hydrogen-Peroxide. Accessed Feb. 23, 2024.
D08AX01 - hydrogen peroxide ; Belongs to the class of other antiseptics and disinfectants. Used in the treatment of dermatological diseases. D11AX25 - hydrogen peroxide ; Belongs to the class of other dermatologicals. S02AA06 - hydrogen peroxide ; Belongs to the class of antiinfectives used in the treatment of ear infections. A01AB02 - hydrogen peroxide ; Belongs to the class of local antiinfective and antiseptic preparations. Used in the treatment of diseases of the mouth.
References
3% Hydrogen Peroxide Liquid (Solugen Blending, LLC). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 24/05/2023.Anon. Hydrogen Peroxide. AHFS Clinical Drug Information [online]. Bethesda, MD. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. https://www.ahfscdi.com. Accessed 24/05/2023.Anon. Hydrogen Peroxide. Lexicomp Online. Hudson, Ohio. Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc. https://online.lexi.com. Accessed 24/05/2023.Buckingham R (ed). Hydrogen Peroxide. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [online]. London. Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 24/05/2023.Crystacide Cream 1% (Reig Jofre UK Limited). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 24/05/2023.Hydrogen Peroxide 3% Gel (Solugen Blending, LLC). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 24/05/2023.Hydrogen Peroxide Solution 3% BP 10 Vols (Thornton & Ross Limited). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 24/05/2023.Hydrogen Peroxide Solution 6% BP 20 Vols (L. C. M. Ltd). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 24/05/2023.Hydrogen Peroxide Solution 9% BP 30 Vols (L. C. M. Ltd). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 24/05/2023.Joint Formulary Committee. Hydrogen Peroxide. British National Formulary [online]. London. BMJ Group and Pharmaceutical Press. https://www.medicinescomplete.com. Accessed 24/05/2023.Perio Armor 1.7% Gel (Gingi-Pak a Division of the Belport). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 24/05/2023.Perox-A-Mint Solution Mouthwash (Sage Products, LLC). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 24/05/2023.Peroxyl Mouth Sore Mild Mint Rinse (Colgate Oral Pharmaceuticals, Inc.). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 24/05/2023.Peroxyl Mouthwash (Colgate-Palmolive [UK] Ltd). MHRA. https://products.mhra.gov.uk. Accessed 24/05/2023.Up & Up 3 Hydrogen Peroxide Wipes Cloth (Target Corporation). DailyMed. Source: U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed. Accessed 24/05/2023.
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